Are you looking for the best caravan brake controller for your vehicle? A brake controller is essential to minimise the risk of an accident while towing your caravan.
A caravan brake controller is a crucial safety device designed to regulate the braking force applied to a towed caravan or trailer. When towing, the additional weight significantly impacts a vehicle’s ability to slow down and stop safely. Without a properly functioning electric brake controller, the caravan's momentum can push against the tow vehicle, increasing stopping distances and the risk of losing control.
The Science of Towing
When towing a caravan or trailer, physics plays a critical role in how both vehicles respond to braking and acceleration:
- Momentum: A heavier load requires more force to slow down, meaning your braking distance increases significantly compared to driving without a trailer.
- Weight Distribution: Inaccurate weight distribution or a lack of braking on the trailer can lead to trailer sway, which makes the tow vehicle unstable.
- Braking Force: Without a trailer brake system, the tow vehicle’s brakes bear the entire load, which can lead to overheating, premature wear, and even brake failure in extreme conditions.
Imagine This Scenario
You’re driving at 100 km/h on a highway, towing a caravan that weighs 2,000 kg. Suddenly, traffic ahead slows down. If your caravan lacks an electric brake controller, pressing the brakes in your vehicle won’t slow the caravan at the same rate. The force from the unbraked weight behind you could push your car forward, causing loss of control, jackknifing, or even a collision.
This situation becomes even more dangerous on steep descents or wet roads, where traction is reduced, and uncontrolled weight transfer increases the risk of skidding. A properly installed caravan brake controller ensures synchronised braking between the tow vehicle and trailer, preventing these hazardous scenarios.
How Does a Caravan Brake Controller Work?
Mounted to your tow vehicle, usually on your dash, the brake controller is used to control the electric brakes on the caravan to mimic the action of your tow vehicle brakes.
Using power from the car battery, the controller senses when you hit the brakes in the tow vehicle and sends an electric current to the electric brakes in the caravan. This activates the brakes and slows down the caravan.
Why Do You Need a Brake Controller?
A trailer brake system isn’t just a safety feature—it’s a legal requirement in Australia. The Department of Infrastructure, Transport, and Vehicles mandates that:
- Any trailer with a Gross Trailer Mass (GTM) between 750 kg and 2,000 kg must have brakes fitted on at least one axle.
- Trailers over 2,000 kg GTM require an electric brake controller on all axles for full braking capability.
With modern caravans increasing in size and weight, ensuring you have the right brake controller for your towing setup is essential for legal compliance and safety.
Australian Legal Requirements for Brake Controllers
Towing regulations in Australia are strictly enforced to ensure road safety, particularly when it comes to trailer brake systems. The Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, and Communications sets national standards, while individual states may have additional requirements.
The legal necessity for a caravan brake controller depends on the Gross Trailer Mass (GTM) of your setup:
- 0 – 750 kg GTM: No braking system required.
- 750 – 2,000 kg GTM: Brakes must be fitted on at least one axle, which can be either mechanical override brakes or electric brakes.
- 2,000 – 4,500 kg GTM: Must have electric brakes on all wheels, controlled by a compliant electric brake controller in the tow vehicle. A breakaway system is also mandatory, ensuring the trailer’s brakes engage if it detaches from the tow vehicle.
ADR Compliance: Ensuring Your System Meets National Standards
The Australian Design Rules (ADR) govern the manufacturing and installation of brake systems, ensuring they meet performance and safety benchmarks. To be legally compliant, your caravan brake controller and associated components must align with:
- ADR 38/05: Specifies braking requirements for trailers over 4.5 tonnes but provides relevant guidelines for smaller trailers.
- ADR 31/03 & ADR 35/06: Cover compatibility between vehicle braking systems and towed trailers, ensuring synchronised and efficient braking performance.
- ADR 62/02: Outlines general construction and design requirements, including brake controller installation for safe operation.
When selecting a brake controller in Australia, ensure it is ADR compliant to meet legal obligations and avoid fines.
State Specific Variations
While ADR regulations apply nationwide, some state and territory laws introduce additional compliance measures:
- Victoria & New South Wales: Stricter enforcement of breakaway systems on caravans over 2,000 kg GTM, requiring the system to activate automatically if the caravan becomes detached from the tow vehicle. The system also must be capable of applying the brakes and holding them for at least 15 minutes.
- Queensland & South Australia: Authorities regularly inspect trailers for brake controller installation and maintenance compliance.
- Western Australia & Northern Territory: Specific towing speed limits apply when towing large loads, impacting braking distance and control requirements.
Since state laws can vary or be updated, it’s essential to check with your local road authority before towing to ensure your trailer brake system remains compliant.
Types of Brake Controllers
Depending on your towing needs and preferences, there are three primary types of caravan brake controllers available in the market: Proportional Brake Controllers, Time Activated (Time Delay) Brake Controllers, and Wireless/Trailer Mounted Brake Controllers. Each type offers unique advantages and is suitable for different towing scenarios.
Proportional Brake Controllers
Proportional brake controllers are widely regarded as the most advanced and efficient braking technology for caravans. These controllers use motion sensing technology to detect the deceleration of the tow vehicle and adjust the braking force applied to the caravan's electric brakes accordingly. Our two most popular proportional brake controllers are the Bluetooth controlled Elecbrakes Controller and the traditional Hayman reese Compact IQ with wiring harness included.
How They Work
Proportional controllers are equipped with accelerometers and microprocessors that sense how quickly the tow vehicle is slowing down. As the driver applies the brakes, the controller determines the deceleration rate and automatically adjusts the braking force on the caravan’s brakes to match that of the tow vehicle. This ensures smooth and consistent braking, providing a safer and more controlled towing experience.
Benefits for Smooth Braking and Trailer Control
- Real Time Braking Adjustments: Adjusts braking based on deceleration for smooth, even stops.
- Smoother Stops: Reduces sway and jerky stops for stable towing.
- Enhanced Safety: Prevents loss of control, especially on slopes or in emergencies.
Best Applications and Scenarios
- Heavy Caravans and Trailers: Ensures precise braking for large, heavy loads.
- Long Distance Towing: Provides consistent braking without manual adjustments.
- Hilly or Mountainous Terrain: Prevents the caravan from pushing the tow vehicle on descents.
Time Activated (Time Delay) Brake Controllers
Time Activated or Time Delay brake controllers are simpler, more traditional systems compared to proportional controllers. These controllers apply a fixed voltage to the trailer's brakes after a slight delay, with the intensity of braking controlled by a manual dial.
How They Work
Time delay controllers rely on a fixed voltage output to engage the trailer brakes after a preset delay. The driver must manually adjust the dial to set the braking intensity. Once set, the trailer brakes apply a fixed level of braking force each time the driver applies the tow vehicle’s brakes. The delay time can be adjusted to accommodate varying road conditions, but it does not adapt dynamically like the proportional system.
Advantages and Limitations
- Advantages:
- Rugged and Durable: Time delay controllers are robust and can be mounted at any angle in the tow vehicle.
- Simple Design: They are easier to install and use, making them a cost effective option for those who don’t require advanced features.
- Affordable: Generally, they are less expensive than proportional models.
- Limitations:
- Less Efficient: Time delay controllers don’t offer the same level of braking precision as proportional systems, especially when towing heavy or dynamic loads.
- Manual Adjustments Needed: The driver must adjust braking intensity based on road conditions, which can be cumbersome and less effective in emergency situations.
Best Applications and Scenarios
- Light to Medium Load Towing: Time delay controllers are ideal for those towing smaller, lighter caravans where precise braking control is not as critical.
- Occasional Towing: They are a good choice for occasional or less frequent towing, where the driver is familiar with the towing conditions and can make manual adjustments.
- Budget Friendly Option: Perfect for those on a budget who don’t need advanced braking features.
Wireless/Trailer Mounted Brake Controllers
Wireless brake controllers are the newest technology in the market, offering unparalleled convenience and flexibility. These controllers are typically controlled via Bluetooth, eliminating the need for a physical wiring harness and offering smartphone app control features. We recommend the Elecbrakes Brake Controller.
How They Work
Wireless controllers are generally proportional in design, meaning they adjust the trailer’s braking force based on the tow vehicle's deceleration. However, the key difference is that they connect to the tow vehicle via Bluetooth or other wireless technology, which allows them to be mounted anywhere in the vehicle or trailer without the need for complex wiring systems. This also means they can be easily transferred between different tow vehicles.
Benefits for Multi Vehicle Towing Situations
- No Wiring Hassle: Since wireless controllers do not require a fixed wiring setup, they are ideal for those who need to tow with multiple vehicles.
- Easy Transfer Between Vehicles: The ability to easily move the controller between vehicles makes them perfect for families or businesses with several tow vehicles.
- Smartphone Control: Many wireless controllers come with smartphone app control, allowing the user to make adjustments on the go for a more convenient towing experience.
Installation Advantages
- Quick and Simple Installation: Wireless systems eliminate the need for wiring, making installation straightforward and less invasive, especially for people who want a temporary setup.
- Flexible Mounting Options: These controllers can be installed almost anywhere, providing greater flexibility in terms of positioning within the vehicle.
Best Applications and Scenarios
- Multiple Tow Vehicles: Ideal for users who frequently switch between different tow vehicles but want to maintain a consistent braking experience.
- Traveling and Touring: A great choice for those who regularly travel and need a portable solution.
- Tech Savvy Users: If you’re looking for a modern, convenient towing solution with mobile app control, a wireless brake controller is an excellent option.
Top Brake Controller Brands in Australia
When selecting a caravan brake controller, quality and reliability are essential for safe towing. In Australia, several trusted brands offer innovative features and proven performance. Here’s a detailed look at the top brands:
Elecbrakes
Elecbrakes is a leader in wireless brake controller technology, known for its easy installation and advanced Bluetooth functionality.The latest electric brake controller to hit the market is the wireless control, easy to install Elecbrakes Brake Controller.
- Wireless Technology: Eliminates the need for a dash mounted unit—control the system via a smartphone app.
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- Installation:
Offers two options:- Plug & Play: Choose from various adapters to suit your vehicle and trailer plug configuration.
- Hardwired: A more cost effective solution that requires direct connection to the trailer’s brake circuit.
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- App Functionality:
The app features five braking programs with manual override, ensuring reliable performance even in remote areas. - Multi Vehicle Towing:
Its wireless design allows for effortless transfer between different tow vehicles.
Hardwired Option:
The cheapest way to purchase the Elecbrakes controller is by adding the hardwired leader with plug from the accessories list. This is a fraction of the price of the plug and play option, but will require you to hardwire to your trailer braking circuit. See wiring diagram here.
Hayman Reese
Hayman Reese offers a robust range of controllers renowned for reliability and ease of use, perfect for varied towing scenarios.
- Product Range:
- Compact IQ: A time activated proportional controller with adjustable boost functionality and remote mounting capability.
- Guardian: A basic model with an easy to read display and push button controls, suitable for 4WDs and light caravans.
- Installation & Warranty:
Simple installation with a remote mounting option; products come with a 5 year warranty.
WiTi
WiTi distinguishes itself with a ground breaking feature: Hill Descent Assist.
Innovative Feature: The WiTi Brake Controller measures the angle of descent and adjusts the braking force based on both the gradient and the rate of deceleration.
Benefits: This dynamic adjustment means that when traveling downhill, the caravan’s brakes are applied more aggressively, offering a safer and more controlled descent.
Ideal For: Those who frequently tow in hilly or mountainous areas where managing downhill momentum is crucial.
Curt
Curt offers a variety of brake controllers, including models with convenient Bluetooth capability for added ease of use.
Wireless Control via Smartphone: Connects to your smartphone through the OneControl Auto app, compatible with Apple iOS 9 or higher and Android 14 or higher.
Plug-and-Play Installation: Plugs into your vehicle's 7-way RV blade socket without the need for tools or additional wiring.
Proportional Braking: Utilises a triple-axis, motion-sensing accelerometer to provide smooth and precise braking based on your vehicle's deceleration.
Comprehensive Comparison Table
Below is a sample feature by feature comparison of some of the top brake controller models available in Australia.
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Extra Accessories For Caravan Brake Controllers:
It’s worth noting that some brake controllers do not come with all the installation components, so be sure to check what comes included with your purchase.
Tow your caravan safely – check out our range of caravan brake controllers today!
DISCLAIMER* Please note, this advice is general in nature and we strongly recommend consulting the product manual and where relevant, a professional installer.
